Features

Late arrival time penalty

A how-to guide for using late arrival time penalties with vehicle routing.

  • This feature is configurable via .json input, without the need for code customization.
  • Available for both the Marketplace app and Platform. You can find a list of all available features here.
  • The format for timestamps should be RFC3339, e.g.: "2023-01-01T00:00:00Z".
Field nameRequiredData typeSI UnitDefined onExampleConfigurable via defaults
target_arrival_timeNotimestampNAstop{"target_arrival_time": "2023-01-01T00:00:00Z"}✅
late_arrival_time_penaltyNofloatNAstop{"late_arrival_time_penalty": 1.23}✅

The late_arrival_time_penalty is a cost applied to the objective (value function) when a vehicle arrives at a stop after the given target_arrival_time. These fields are defined on stops, and are useful for discouraging behavior such as hot food being delivered too late.

The value added to the objective is calculated as follows:

late_arrival_time_penalty * max(arrival_time - target_arrival_time, 0)
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For example, if a vehicle arrives at a stop 60 seconds after a target arrival time and the penalty is set to 10, 600 seconds are added to the value function.

Please note that:

  • The time duration given by arrival_time - target_arrival_time is in seconds.
  • When defining a late_arrival_time_penalty on a stop, you must also define a target_arrival_time for that stop.
  • Specifying late_arrival_time_penalty and target_arrival_time on a stop late_arrival_duration of the stop defines the time duration given by brings additional information on the output. For example, the arrival_time - target_arrival_time in seconds, when greater than zero.

Here is an example defining penalties for all stops. A sample output obtained after solving the problem is also shown.

{
  "defaults": {
    "vehicles": {
      "speed": 20,
      "start_time": "2023-01-01T12:00:00Z"
    },
    "stops": {
      "late_arrival_time_penalty": 1.5,
      "duration": 450,
      "unplanned_penalty": 2000000
    }
  },
  "stops": [
    {
      "id": "Fushimi Inari Taisha",
      "location": { "lon": 135.772695, "lat": 34.967146 },
      "target_arrival_time": "2023-01-01T12:00:00Z"
    },
    {
      "id": "Kiyomizu-dera",
      "location": { "lon": 135.78506, "lat": 34.994857 },
      "target_arrival_time": "2023-01-01T12:05:00Z"
    },
    {
      "id": "Nijō Castle",
      "location": { "lon": 135.748134, "lat": 35.014239 },
      "target_arrival_time": "2023-01-01T12:10:00Z"
    },
    {
      "id": "Kyoto Imperial Palace",
      "location": { "lon": 135.762057, "lat": 35.025431 },
      "target_arrival_time": "2023-01-01T12:15:00Z"
    },
    {
      "id": "Gionmachi",
      "location": { "lon": 135.775682, "lat": 35.002457 },
      "target_arrival_time": "2023-01-01T12:20:00Z"
    },
    {
      "id": "Kinkaku-ji",
      "location": { "lon": 135.728898, "lat": 35.039705 },
      "target_arrival_time": "2023-01-01T12:25:00Z"
    },
    {
      "id": "Arashiyama Bamboo Forest",
      "location": { "lon": 135.672009, "lat": 35.017209 },
      "target_arrival_time": "2023-01-01T12:30:00Z"
    }
  ],
  "vehicles": [
    {
      "id": "v1"
    },
    {
      "id": "v2"
    }
  ]
}
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